含膨胀元件的接触网与受电弓动力学特性分析
焦学军
（株洲中车时代电气股份有限公司，湖南 株洲 412001）
摘要：通过有限元方法对锚段、膨胀元件等接触网关键部件进行模态分析，并构建碳滑板－接触网结构耦合动态特性分析模型，重点研究碳滑板在经过膨胀元件处的动力学特性。研究结果表明：膨胀元件一阶频率为67.42 Hz，主要为其内部两根杆件的响应，最大振幅为0.916 mm。膨胀接头对低频振动不敏感，高频振动会激起内部杆件的振动，而在第五阶模态即111.33 Hz时会激起膨胀元件壳体的振动，此振动极为有害；接触网整体模态计算振动频率偏低，一阶振频为1.89 Hz，以汇流排的低频振动为主，不易引起膨胀接头的振动；碳滑板－接触网系统模型计算结果较为合理，膨胀元件处出现两个明显的冲击振动，可能是弓头经过膨胀元件时接触刚度突变所导致。通过碳滑板－接触网结构耦合动态特性分析计算，可为膨胀元件的设计提供理论及数据支撑。
关键词：膨胀元件；碳滑板；接触网；动力学特性；有限元方法
中图分类号：U264.3+4 文献标志码：A doi：10.3969/j.issn.1006-0316.2024.02.006
文章编号：1006-0316 (2024) 02-0033-06
Dynamic Characteristics Analysis of Catenary and Pantograph with Expansion Elements
JIAO Xuejun
( Zhuzhou CRRC Times Electric Co., Ltd., Zhuzhou 412001, China )
Abstract：Through the finite element method, the modal analysis of key catenary components such as the anchor segment and the expansion element are carried out, and the coupling dynamic characteristics analysis model of carbon sliding-catenary structure is built. The results show that the first-order frequency of the expansion element is 67.42 Hz, which is mainly the response of the two internal rods, and the maximum amplitude is 0.916 mm. The expansion joint is not sensitive to low frequency vibration, while the high frequency vibration arouses the vibration of the internal member, and the vibration of the expansion element housing will be aroused at the fifth mode (111.33 Hz), which is extremely harmful. The vibration frequency calculated by the overall mode of the catenary is low with the first order vibration frequency of 1.89 Hz, which is mainly the low-frequency vibration of bus bars, making it less likely to cause the vibration of expansion joints. And the calculation results of the carbon slip-catenary system model are deemed reasonable. There are two obvious shock vibrations at the expansion element, which may be caused by the sudden change of contact stiffness when the bow head passes through the expansion element. The analysis and calculation of the coupling dynamic characteristics of the carbon slide and catenary structure provide a theoretical and data foundation for the design of expansion elements.
Key words：expansion element；carbon slide；catenary；dynamic characteristics；finite element method
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收稿日期：2023-11-03
作者简介：焦学军（1971－），男，湖南长沙人，工程师，主要研究方向为轨道交通车辆工程应用，E-mail：johnson163comcn@163.com。
（株洲中车时代电气股份有限公司，湖南 株洲 412001）
摘要：通过有限元方法对锚段、膨胀元件等接触网关键部件进行模态分析，并构建碳滑板－接触网结构耦合动态特性分析模型，重点研究碳滑板在经过膨胀元件处的动力学特性。研究结果表明：膨胀元件一阶频率为67.42 Hz，主要为其内部两根杆件的响应，最大振幅为0.916 mm。膨胀接头对低频振动不敏感，高频振动会激起内部杆件的振动，而在第五阶模态即111.33 Hz时会激起膨胀元件壳体的振动，此振动极为有害；接触网整体模态计算振动频率偏低，一阶振频为1.89 Hz，以汇流排的低频振动为主，不易引起膨胀接头的振动；碳滑板－接触网系统模型计算结果较为合理，膨胀元件处出现两个明显的冲击振动，可能是弓头经过膨胀元件时接触刚度突变所导致。通过碳滑板－接触网结构耦合动态特性分析计算，可为膨胀元件的设计提供理论及数据支撑。
关键词：膨胀元件；碳滑板；接触网；动力学特性；有限元方法
中图分类号：U264.3+4 文献标志码：A doi：10.3969/j.issn.1006-0316.2024.02.006
文章编号：1006-0316 (2024) 02-0033-06
Dynamic Characteristics Analysis of Catenary and Pantograph with Expansion Elements
JIAO Xuejun
( Zhuzhou CRRC Times Electric Co., Ltd., Zhuzhou 412001, China )
Abstract：Through the finite element method, the modal analysis of key catenary components such as the anchor segment and the expansion element are carried out, and the coupling dynamic characteristics analysis model of carbon sliding-catenary structure is built. The results show that the first-order frequency of the expansion element is 67.42 Hz, which is mainly the response of the two internal rods, and the maximum amplitude is 0.916 mm. The expansion joint is not sensitive to low frequency vibration, while the high frequency vibration arouses the vibration of the internal member, and the vibration of the expansion element housing will be aroused at the fifth mode (111.33 Hz), which is extremely harmful. The vibration frequency calculated by the overall mode of the catenary is low with the first order vibration frequency of 1.89 Hz, which is mainly the low-frequency vibration of bus bars, making it less likely to cause the vibration of expansion joints. And the calculation results of the carbon slip-catenary system model are deemed reasonable. There are two obvious shock vibrations at the expansion element, which may be caused by the sudden change of contact stiffness when the bow head passes through the expansion element. The analysis and calculation of the coupling dynamic characteristics of the carbon slide and catenary structure provide a theoretical and data foundation for the design of expansion elements.
Key words：expansion element；carbon slide；catenary；dynamic characteristics；finite element method
———————————————
收稿日期：2023-11-03
作者简介：焦学军（1971－），男，湖南长沙人，工程师，主要研究方向为轨道交通车辆工程应用，E-mail：johnson163comcn@163.com。
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