市域列车牵引变压器结构刚度对其辐射噪声影响分析
黄佳程1，肖新标*,1，胡秦1，边超2，黄振鑫1
（1.西南交通大学 轨道交通运载系统全国重点实验室，四川 成都 610031；2.西南交通大学 机械工程学院，四川 成都 610031）
摘要：为了研究市域列车牵引变压器的声辐射特性，基于有限元法，建立了牵引变压器电磁场-结构力场-压力声场的多物理场耦合模型。开展了牵引变压器噪声测试，分析了牵引变压器辐射噪声能量分布的频域特性，验证了牵引变压器辐射噪声仿真模型的有效性。借助于理论模型，调查了结构刚度对牵引变压器辐射噪声的影响。研究结果表明：牵引变压器辐射噪声总值随垂向夹件刚度与横向夹件刚度的增加先减小后增大，且最小值相比于刚度不变时的噪声总值有2.6 dBA左右的降低；对于铁心刚度，噪声总值随刚度的增加而减小，最小值相比于刚度不变时的噪声总值有5.5 dBA的降低，但是每种刚度作用的频率范围并不相同，进行牵引变压器减振降噪时，可综合考虑各刚度的影响。
关键词：市域列车；牵引变压器；磁致伸缩；声辐射
中图分类号：TM41 文献标志码：A doi：10.3969/j.issn.1006-0316.2023.11.005
文章编号：1006-0316 (2023) 11-0030-08
Influence of Structural Stiffness on Radiated Noise of Traction Transformer Used in Municipal Train
HUANG Jiacheng1，XIAO Xinbiao1，HU Qin1，BIAN Chao2，HUANG Zhenxin 1
( 1.State Key Laboratory of Rail Transit Vehicle System, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China; 2.School of Mechanical Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China )
Abstract：In order to study the acoustic radiation characteristics of municipal train traction transformer. a multi-physics coupling model of electromagnetic field—structural force field — pressure sound field of traction transformer is established based on the finite element method. The noise test of traction transformer is carried out. The frequency domain characteristics of radiated noise energy distribution of traction transformer are analyzed. The effectiveness of the simulation model of traction transformer radiation noise is verified. The influence of structural stiffness on the radiated noise of traction transformer is investigated by means of theoretical model. The results show that the total value of the radiated noise of the traction transformer decreases first and then increases with the increase of the stiffness of the vertical clamp and the lateral clamp. The minimum value is about 2.6 dBA, which is lower than the total noise value when the stiffness is constant. For the stiffness of the core, the total noise value decreases with the increase of the stiffness, and the minimum value is 5.5 dBA, which is also lower than the total noise value when the stiffness is constant. However, the frequency range of each stiffness is not the same. When reducing the vibration and noise of the traction transformer, the influence of each stiffness can be considered comprehensively.
Key words：municipal train；traction transformer；magnetostrictive；sound radiation
———————————————
收稿日期：2023-03-07
基金项目：国家自然科学基金（U1934203）
作者简介：黄佳程（1998－），男，江苏徐州人，硕士研究生，主要研究方向为轨道交通减振降噪，E-mail：jiachenghuang@my.swjtu.edu.cn。*通讯作者：肖新标（1978－），男，广东阳春人，博士，副研究员、博士生导师，主要研究方向为铁路噪声与振动，E-mail:xinbiaoxiao@163.com。
（1.西南交通大学 轨道交通运载系统全国重点实验室，四川 成都 610031；2.西南交通大学 机械工程学院，四川 成都 610031）
摘要：为了研究市域列车牵引变压器的声辐射特性，基于有限元法，建立了牵引变压器电磁场-结构力场-压力声场的多物理场耦合模型。开展了牵引变压器噪声测试，分析了牵引变压器辐射噪声能量分布的频域特性，验证了牵引变压器辐射噪声仿真模型的有效性。借助于理论模型，调查了结构刚度对牵引变压器辐射噪声的影响。研究结果表明：牵引变压器辐射噪声总值随垂向夹件刚度与横向夹件刚度的增加先减小后增大，且最小值相比于刚度不变时的噪声总值有2.6 dBA左右的降低；对于铁心刚度，噪声总值随刚度的增加而减小，最小值相比于刚度不变时的噪声总值有5.5 dBA的降低，但是每种刚度作用的频率范围并不相同，进行牵引变压器减振降噪时，可综合考虑各刚度的影响。
关键词：市域列车；牵引变压器；磁致伸缩；声辐射
中图分类号：TM41 文献标志码：A doi：10.3969/j.issn.1006-0316.2023.11.005
文章编号：1006-0316 (2023) 11-0030-08
Influence of Structural Stiffness on Radiated Noise of Traction Transformer Used in Municipal Train
HUANG Jiacheng1，XIAO Xinbiao1，HU Qin1，BIAN Chao2，HUANG Zhenxin 1
( 1.State Key Laboratory of Rail Transit Vehicle System, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China; 2.School of Mechanical Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China )
Abstract：In order to study the acoustic radiation characteristics of municipal train traction transformer. a multi-physics coupling model of electromagnetic field—structural force field — pressure sound field of traction transformer is established based on the finite element method. The noise test of traction transformer is carried out. The frequency domain characteristics of radiated noise energy distribution of traction transformer are analyzed. The effectiveness of the simulation model of traction transformer radiation noise is verified. The influence of structural stiffness on the radiated noise of traction transformer is investigated by means of theoretical model. The results show that the total value of the radiated noise of the traction transformer decreases first and then increases with the increase of the stiffness of the vertical clamp and the lateral clamp. The minimum value is about 2.6 dBA, which is lower than the total noise value when the stiffness is constant. For the stiffness of the core, the total noise value decreases with the increase of the stiffness, and the minimum value is 5.5 dBA, which is also lower than the total noise value when the stiffness is constant. However, the frequency range of each stiffness is not the same. When reducing the vibration and noise of the traction transformer, the influence of each stiffness can be considered comprehensively.
Key words：municipal train；traction transformer；magnetostrictive；sound radiation
———————————————
收稿日期：2023-03-07
基金项目：国家自然科学基金（U1934203）
作者简介：黄佳程（1998－），男，江苏徐州人，硕士研究生，主要研究方向为轨道交通减振降噪，E-mail：jiachenghuang@my.swjtu.edu.cn。*通讯作者：肖新标（1978－），男，广东阳春人，博士，副研究员、博士生导师，主要研究方向为铁路噪声与振动，E-mail:xinbiaoxiao@163.com。
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