动车组排障器优化设计
刘星宇，李娅娜
（大连交通大学 机车车辆工程学院，辽宁 大连 116028）
摘要：动车组排障器作为车头下悬挂设备，对列车运行安全以及运行环境有着极为重要的影响，必须对它进行强度分析及轻量化设计。本文基于EN 15227-2020标准对动车组排障器进行静强度分析，确定危险工况，并提出以拓扑优化以及试验设计－响应面优化的综合优化方法，对排障器底板冗余材料进行拓扑优化。通过试验设计拟合出响应面，采用GRSM方法对响应面进行二次优化。通过两次优化，排障器质量共减轻17%，各板件母材及焊缝处的强度安全系数均满足要求，使得排障器材料分布更为合理，质量更轻，为动车组排障器设计提供了新的思路以及方案。
关键词：排障器；静强度分析；拓扑优化；灵敏度分析；响应面优化
中图分类号：U260.39 文献标志码：A doi：10.3969/j.issn.1006-0316.2023.01.006
文章编号：1006-0316 (2023) 01-0035-07
Optimization Design of EMU Cowcatcher
LIU Xingyu，LI Ya’na
( College of Locomotive and Rolling Stock Engineering, Dalian Jiaotong University, Dalian 116028, China )
Abstract：Strength analysis and lightweight design of the EMU cowcatcher is essential because, as the suspension equipment under the locomotive, it has a great influence on the running safety and operation environment of the train. Based on EN 15227-2020 standard, this paper analyzed the static strength of the cowcatcher of EMU and determined the dangerous working condition. A comprehensive optimization method was proposed, combing topology optimization combined with experimental design-response surface optimization, so as to optimize the redundant materials of the bottom plate of the cowcatcher. The response surface was fitted through experimental design, and GRSM method was used for secondary optimization. The mass of the cowcatcher was reduced by 17% and the strength safety factors of the plate metal and welding seams met the requirements. The design makes the material distribution more reasonable and the cowcatcher lighter.
Key words：cowcatcher；static strength analysis；topology optimization；sensitivity analysis；response surface optimization
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收稿日期：2022-05-05
作者简介：刘星宇（1998－），男，江苏连云港人，硕士研究生，主要研究方向为载运工具现代设计方法，E-mail：674329934@qq.com；李娅娜（1977－），女，辽宁大连人，博士，教授，主要研究方向为车辆CAD/CAE及其关键技术、焊接残余应力与变形。
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