常规法兰结构密封性能对比研究
廖建敏，周思柱，李宁
（长江大学 机械结构强度与振动研究所，湖北 荆州 434023）
摘要：介绍了传统的四种密封结构密封性能的优缺点与密封原理，采用有限元方法研究了在四种密封结构下其不同预紧力、法兰刚度与工作压力对金属垫片面密封接触压力的影响，结果表明：在预紧力作用下形成的初始预密封与工作载荷和预紧力综合作用下的工作密封，突面密封、榫槽面密封、凹凸面密封与环形密封的密封面的密封效果依次递增；在正常工况下环形密封与凹凸面密封结构较突面密封与榫槽面密封对管道轴向力的作用不敏感，密封面的接触压力不易出现削弱；提高法兰刚度，不影响密封面中部位置的接触压力，其中环形垫片在中部位置压力分布较均匀。
关键词：密封结构；接触压力；预紧力；法兰刚度
中图分类号：TB42 文献标志码：A doi：10.3969/j.issn.1006-0316.2015.10.006
文章编号：1006－0316 (2015) 10－0022－05
Comparative research on the property of sealing about the common structure of flange
LIAO Jianmin，ZHOU Sizhu，LI Ning
( Institute of Strength and Vibration of Mechanical Structure, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434023, China )
Abstract：It introduces the advantage and disadvantage of the sealing property for four traditional structures of sealing. By the finite element method, the influence on contact pressure made of the surface of metal gasket though different pre-tightening force and operating pressure and flange rigidity is studied under four structures of sealing. The results showed that the sealing effect of sealing surface are increased by four structure of sealing (raising face sealing, mortise sealing, bump sealing, annular sealing); In the normal condition Compared to raising face sealing and mortise sealing, it is not sensitive to the axial force for raising face annular sealing and bump sealing, which the contact pressure is not weakened easily. In the flange connection on flat gasket, with enhanced flange rigidity, the contact area joined in sealing increase while the maximum contact pressure descend. The step increasing flange rigidity has no influence on the contact pressure in mid-location of sealing, and the pressure distribution on annular sealing is more evenly.
Key words：structure of sealing；contact pressure；pre-tightening；flange rigidity
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收稿日期：2015－02－06
作者简介：廖建敏（1991－），男，江西上饶人，硕士研究生，主要研究方向为石油机械设计及理论；周思柱（1963－），男，湖北钟祥人，教授，博导，主要研究方向为石油机械结构强度与动态特性测试；李宁（1979－），男，湖北咸宁人，博士研究生，主要研究方向为机械结构强度与弹塑性分析。
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