车间环境下Q235碳钢MIG焊工艺研究
叶景锋，陈木凤*，韩彬，符灵铭，范秋月
（龙岩学院 福建省焊接质量智能评估重点实验室，福建 龙岩 364012）
摘要：Q235碳钢因其良好的焊接性能广泛应用于工业生产领域，其常用的MIG焊的焊接工艺参数在车间环境下受到焊接粉尘、油污等因素影响，焊接质量稳定性无法把控，本文在车间环境下对Q235碳钢MIG焊的焊接工艺进行研究，研究焊接电流的变化导致焊接线能量的变化对焊缝质量的影响，结合超声波无损检测、微观金相实验进行焊缝质量分析，最终确定最佳焊接工艺参数。研究发现：当焊接电流为86 A时，电弧相对不稳定，飞溅较多，成型质量差；随着电流增大到126 A时，电弧稳定，飞溅极少，成型质量良好；继续增大电流时，发现飞溅少，但焊缝成型质量差；结果表明，最佳焊接工艺参数为电流126 A、电压19 V、速度50 cm/min、气体流量1.7 L/min。
关键词：车间环境；Q235碳钢；焊接工艺；焊接粉尘油污
中图分类号：TG44 文献标志码：A doi：10.3969/j.issn.1006-0316.2024.01.009
文章编号：1006-0316 (2024) 01-0061-06
MIG Welding Process of Q235 Carbon Steel in a Workshop Environment
YE Jingfeng，CHEN Mufeng，HAN Bin，FU Lingming，FAN Qiuyue
( Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Intelligent Assessment of Welding Quality, Longyan University，Longyan 364012, China )
Abstract：Q235 carbon steel has been widely used in many industrial fields because of its excellent weldability. The welding quality is easily affected by welding dust, oil pollution and other factors in welding workshops and thus cannot satisfy the demand of high quality of stability and reliability of product. The welding parameters affecting Q235 carbon steel welding quality are studied through ultrasonic inspection and micro-structure analysis. The study finds that when the welding current is 86 A, welding arc is unstable with more spatter and poor forming quality. As the current increases to 126 A, the welding arc becomes stable with minimal splashing and good forming quality. Increasing current from 126 A to 166 A, there is an obvious decrease in the spatter, but the quality of the weld formation is poor. The results show that the optimal welding parameters are current 126 A, voltage 19 V, speed 50 cm/min, and gas flow rate 1.7 L/min.
Key words：workshop environment；Q235 carbon steel；welding process；welding dust and oil pollution
———————————————
收稿日期：2023-09-18
基金项目：福厦泉自创区协同专项（3502ZCQXT2021008）；福建省自然科学基金（2020J05198）；国家级大学生创新创业训练计划（202211312001）
作者简介：叶景锋（2002－），男，福建漳州人，主要研究方向为焊接质量智能评估，E-mail：528997055@qq.com。
*通讯作者：陈木凤（1990－），女，广东罗定人，博士，副教授，主要研究方向为热－流耦合焊接工艺优化、流体与传热分析、流固耦合传热、多相流、磁流体传热、密封和减振等，E-mail：mfchen@lyun.edu.cn。
（龙岩学院 福建省焊接质量智能评估重点实验室，福建 龙岩 364012）
摘要：Q235碳钢因其良好的焊接性能广泛应用于工业生产领域，其常用的MIG焊的焊接工艺参数在车间环境下受到焊接粉尘、油污等因素影响，焊接质量稳定性无法把控，本文在车间环境下对Q235碳钢MIG焊的焊接工艺进行研究，研究焊接电流的变化导致焊接线能量的变化对焊缝质量的影响，结合超声波无损检测、微观金相实验进行焊缝质量分析，最终确定最佳焊接工艺参数。研究发现：当焊接电流为86 A时，电弧相对不稳定，飞溅较多，成型质量差；随着电流增大到126 A时，电弧稳定，飞溅极少，成型质量良好；继续增大电流时，发现飞溅少，但焊缝成型质量差；结果表明，最佳焊接工艺参数为电流126 A、电压19 V、速度50 cm/min、气体流量1.7 L/min。
关键词：车间环境；Q235碳钢；焊接工艺；焊接粉尘油污
中图分类号：TG44 文献标志码：A doi：10.3969/j.issn.1006-0316.2024.01.009
文章编号：1006-0316 (2024) 01-0061-06
MIG Welding Process of Q235 Carbon Steel in a Workshop Environment
YE Jingfeng，CHEN Mufeng，HAN Bin，FU Lingming，FAN Qiuyue
( Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Intelligent Assessment of Welding Quality, Longyan University，Longyan 364012, China )
Abstract：Q235 carbon steel has been widely used in many industrial fields because of its excellent weldability. The welding quality is easily affected by welding dust, oil pollution and other factors in welding workshops and thus cannot satisfy the demand of high quality of stability and reliability of product. The welding parameters affecting Q235 carbon steel welding quality are studied through ultrasonic inspection and micro-structure analysis. The study finds that when the welding current is 86 A, welding arc is unstable with more spatter and poor forming quality. As the current increases to 126 A, the welding arc becomes stable with minimal splashing and good forming quality. Increasing current from 126 A to 166 A, there is an obvious decrease in the spatter, but the quality of the weld formation is poor. The results show that the optimal welding parameters are current 126 A, voltage 19 V, speed 50 cm/min, and gas flow rate 1.7 L/min.
Key words：workshop environment；Q235 carbon steel；welding process；welding dust and oil pollution
———————————————
收稿日期：2023-09-18
基金项目：福厦泉自创区协同专项（3502ZCQXT2021008）；福建省自然科学基金（2020J05198）；国家级大学生创新创业训练计划（202211312001）
作者简介：叶景锋（2002－），男，福建漳州人，主要研究方向为焊接质量智能评估，E-mail：528997055@qq.com。
*通讯作者：陈木凤（1990－），女，广东罗定人，博士，副教授，主要研究方向为热－流耦合焊接工艺优化、流体与传热分析、流固耦合传热、多相流、磁流体传热、密封和减振等，E-mail：mfchen@lyun.edu.cn。
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