电机法向力对两种磁浮车辆动力学的影响
李梦雪，张敏，马卫华*，罗世辉
（西南交通大学 牵引动力国家重点实验室，四川 成都 610031）
摘要：中低速磁浮列车采用直线感应电机进行牵引，电机在产生牵引力的同时也会产生法向力，电机法向吸力会对悬浮模块产生垂向激扰，增加悬浮系统的负担。本文利用有限元法对比分析不同气隙下电机牵引力、法向力随速度的变化；建立两种中低速磁浮车辆－轨道耦合动力学模型，分析忽略电机法向力及车体和悬浮架分别在1 kN、3 kN、5 kN冲击力下两种磁浮车辆－轨道耦合系统的垂向动力学响应。结果表明：磁浮车辆在运行速度5 km/h时车辆－轨道耦合共振严重；在法向冲击力小于5 kN时，桥梁动力学响应均符合要求，车体平稳性均为优秀，但当法向冲击力越大时，控制电流越大，因此为减轻悬浮系统负担、提高中低速磁浮车辆－轨道耦合系统的动力学性能，电机法向力应尽可能小。
关键词：中低速磁浮；悬浮架；车轨耦合；电机法向力；有限元
中图分类号：U237 文献标志码：A doi：10.3969/j.issn.1006-0316.2023.12.005
文章编号：1006-0316 (2023) 12-0025-09
Influence of Linear Induction Motor Normal Force on Dynamics of Two Types of Maglev Vehicles
LI Mengxue，ZHANG Min，MA Weihua，LUO Shihui
( State Key Laboratory of Traction Power, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China )
Abstract：The linear induction motor (LIM) is used for traction of low-to-medium speed maglev train. The LIM will generate normal force while generating traction force, and the normal suction of the LIM will generate vertical excitation to the suspension module, increasing the burden of the suspension system. In this paper, the analytical method and finite element method are used to compare and analyze the changes of traction force and normal force with speed under different air gaps. The vehicle-guideway coupling dynamics models of two types of maglev vehicles at low-to-medium speed are established to analyze the vertical dynamic responses of the vehicle-guideway coupling systems of the two maglev vehicles when ignoring the normal force of the LIM and when the impact force of the vehicle body and levitation frame is 1 kN, 3 kN and 5 kN respectively. The results show that the vehicle-guideway coupling resonance is serious when the speed of the maglev vehicle is 5 km/h. When the normal impact force is less than 5 kN, the bridge dynamic response meets the requirements and the vehicle body stability is excellent. However, the larger the normal impact force is, the larger the control current is. Therefore, in order to reduce the burden of the levitation system and improve the dynamic performance of the low-to-medium speed maglev vehicle-guideway coupling system, the motor normal force should be as small as possible.
Key words：low-to-medium speed maglev；levitation frame；vehicle-guideway coupling；linear induction motor normal force；finite element method
———————————————
收稿日期：2023-03-01
基金项目：国家自然科学基金（52102442）；中央高校科技创新项目（2682022CX060）；中国国家铁路集团有限公司科技研究开发计划（N2021J033）；中国铁道科学研究院集团有限公司基金项目（2021YJ026）
作者简介：李梦雪（1996－），女，河南睢县人，硕士研究生，主要研究方向为磁浮车辆系统动力学，E-mail：2214743409@qq.com。*通讯作者：马卫华（1979－），男，山东滕州人，博士，研究员，主要研究方向为车辆系统动力学，E-mail：mwh@swjtu.edu.cn。
（西南交通大学 牵引动力国家重点实验室，四川 成都 610031）
摘要：中低速磁浮列车采用直线感应电机进行牵引，电机在产生牵引力的同时也会产生法向力，电机法向吸力会对悬浮模块产生垂向激扰，增加悬浮系统的负担。本文利用有限元法对比分析不同气隙下电机牵引力、法向力随速度的变化；建立两种中低速磁浮车辆－轨道耦合动力学模型，分析忽略电机法向力及车体和悬浮架分别在1 kN、3 kN、5 kN冲击力下两种磁浮车辆－轨道耦合系统的垂向动力学响应。结果表明：磁浮车辆在运行速度5 km/h时车辆－轨道耦合共振严重；在法向冲击力小于5 kN时，桥梁动力学响应均符合要求，车体平稳性均为优秀，但当法向冲击力越大时，控制电流越大，因此为减轻悬浮系统负担、提高中低速磁浮车辆－轨道耦合系统的动力学性能，电机法向力应尽可能小。
关键词：中低速磁浮；悬浮架；车轨耦合；电机法向力；有限元
中图分类号：U237 文献标志码：A doi：10.3969/j.issn.1006-0316.2023.12.005
文章编号：1006-0316 (2023) 12-0025-09
Influence of Linear Induction Motor Normal Force on Dynamics of Two Types of Maglev Vehicles
LI Mengxue，ZHANG Min，MA Weihua，LUO Shihui
( State Key Laboratory of Traction Power, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China )
Abstract：The linear induction motor (LIM) is used for traction of low-to-medium speed maglev train. The LIM will generate normal force while generating traction force, and the normal suction of the LIM will generate vertical excitation to the suspension module, increasing the burden of the suspension system. In this paper, the analytical method and finite element method are used to compare and analyze the changes of traction force and normal force with speed under different air gaps. The vehicle-guideway coupling dynamics models of two types of maglev vehicles at low-to-medium speed are established to analyze the vertical dynamic responses of the vehicle-guideway coupling systems of the two maglev vehicles when ignoring the normal force of the LIM and when the impact force of the vehicle body and levitation frame is 1 kN, 3 kN and 5 kN respectively. The results show that the vehicle-guideway coupling resonance is serious when the speed of the maglev vehicle is 5 km/h. When the normal impact force is less than 5 kN, the bridge dynamic response meets the requirements and the vehicle body stability is excellent. However, the larger the normal impact force is, the larger the control current is. Therefore, in order to reduce the burden of the levitation system and improve the dynamic performance of the low-to-medium speed maglev vehicle-guideway coupling system, the motor normal force should be as small as possible.
Key words：low-to-medium speed maglev；levitation frame；vehicle-guideway coupling；linear induction motor normal force；finite element method
———————————————
收稿日期：2023-03-01
基金项目：国家自然科学基金（52102442）；中央高校科技创新项目（2682022CX060）；中国国家铁路集团有限公司科技研究开发计划（N2021J033）；中国铁道科学研究院集团有限公司基金项目（2021YJ026）
作者简介：李梦雪（1996－），女，河南睢县人，硕士研究生，主要研究方向为磁浮车辆系统动力学，E-mail：2214743409@qq.com。*通讯作者：马卫华（1979－），男，山东滕州人，博士，研究员，主要研究方向为车辆系统动力学，E-mail：mwh@swjtu.edu.cn。
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