基于等效结构应力法对含错边构件的疲劳性能分析
蔡静雯，陈秉智，张旭
（大连交通大学 土木工程学院，辽宁 大连 116028）
摘要：错边缺陷是焊接构件中最常见的缺陷，不同的参数条件会对其产生不同的影响。本研究在焊接构件焊根位置处进行打磨和未打磨处理，对不同错边高度的焊接构件施加不同大小的载荷，以此作为变量探究错边缺陷构件的疲劳性能。基于等效结构应力法，提取焊缝两侧关键节点的等效结构应力，计算应力集中系数和疲劳寿命。仿真结果表明：拉伸载荷相同时，焊缝错边量越大，应力集中系数对构件疲劳性能的影响越明显；拉伸载荷不同时，焊缝错边量越大，疲劳寿命的变化趋势越平缓。同时将不同错边高度的焊缝代入实际工程结构中进行验证，其结果与仿真结果相似。综合上述结论，在实际焊接过程中，需要控制焊接构件的错边高度在合理范围之内，并减少焊根对构件疲劳性能的影响。
关键词：错边缺陷；焊根；等效结构应力；应力集中系数；疲劳寿命
中图分类号：TG405 文献标志码：A doi：10.3969/j.issn.1006-0316.2023.10.002
文章编号：1006-0316 (2023) 10-0007-07
Fatigue Performance Analysis of Components with Misalignments Based on Equivalent Structural Stress Method
CAI Jingwen，CHEN Bingzhi，ZHANG Xu
( School of Civil Engineering, Dalian Jiaotong University, Dalian 116028, China )
Abstract：Components with misalignments s are the most common defects in the welding process, and different parameter conditions can have different effects on them. In this study, the welded components are polished and unpolished at the welding root, and different sizes of loads are applied to the welded components with different misalignment heights. These are taken as variables to explore the fatigue performance of the misaligned defective components. Based on the equivalent structural stress method, the equivalent structural stresses at the key nodes on both sides of the weld are extracted and the stress concentration factor and fatigue life are calculated. The simulation results show that the larger the weld misalignment is when the tensile load is the same, the more obvious the effect of the stress concentration factor on the fatigue performance of the member. When the tensile load is different, the larger the weld misalignment, the flatter the trend of the fatigue life. At the same time, different misalignment heights of the weld are brought into the actual engineering structure to verify the results, which are similar to the simulation results. In summary, it is necessary to control the misalignment height of the welded components within a reasonable range in the actual welding process, and the impact of the welding root on the fatigue performance of the components should be reduced.
Key words：misalignment；welding root；equivalent structural stress；stress concentration factor；fatigue life
———————————————
收稿日期：2023-02-10
基金项目：国家自然科学基金面上项目（52271023）；辽宁省教育厅科学研究项目（LJKZ0493）；大连市科技创新基金应用基础研究项目（2022JJ12GX029）
作者简介：蔡静雯（1997－），女，辽宁大连人，硕士研究生，主要研究方向为车辆结构分析与现代设计方法，E-mail：1054404374@qq.com。
（大连交通大学 土木工程学院，辽宁 大连 116028）
摘要：错边缺陷是焊接构件中最常见的缺陷，不同的参数条件会对其产生不同的影响。本研究在焊接构件焊根位置处进行打磨和未打磨处理，对不同错边高度的焊接构件施加不同大小的载荷，以此作为变量探究错边缺陷构件的疲劳性能。基于等效结构应力法，提取焊缝两侧关键节点的等效结构应力，计算应力集中系数和疲劳寿命。仿真结果表明：拉伸载荷相同时，焊缝错边量越大，应力集中系数对构件疲劳性能的影响越明显；拉伸载荷不同时，焊缝错边量越大，疲劳寿命的变化趋势越平缓。同时将不同错边高度的焊缝代入实际工程结构中进行验证，其结果与仿真结果相似。综合上述结论，在实际焊接过程中，需要控制焊接构件的错边高度在合理范围之内，并减少焊根对构件疲劳性能的影响。
关键词：错边缺陷；焊根；等效结构应力；应力集中系数；疲劳寿命
中图分类号：TG405 文献标志码：A doi：10.3969/j.issn.1006-0316.2023.10.002
文章编号：1006-0316 (2023) 10-0007-07
Fatigue Performance Analysis of Components with Misalignments Based on Equivalent Structural Stress Method
CAI Jingwen，CHEN Bingzhi，ZHANG Xu
( School of Civil Engineering, Dalian Jiaotong University, Dalian 116028, China )
Abstract：Components with misalignments s are the most common defects in the welding process, and different parameter conditions can have different effects on them. In this study, the welded components are polished and unpolished at the welding root, and different sizes of loads are applied to the welded components with different misalignment heights. These are taken as variables to explore the fatigue performance of the misaligned defective components. Based on the equivalent structural stress method, the equivalent structural stresses at the key nodes on both sides of the weld are extracted and the stress concentration factor and fatigue life are calculated. The simulation results show that the larger the weld misalignment is when the tensile load is the same, the more obvious the effect of the stress concentration factor on the fatigue performance of the member. When the tensile load is different, the larger the weld misalignment, the flatter the trend of the fatigue life. At the same time, different misalignment heights of the weld are brought into the actual engineering structure to verify the results, which are similar to the simulation results. In summary, it is necessary to control the misalignment height of the welded components within a reasonable range in the actual welding process, and the impact of the welding root on the fatigue performance of the components should be reduced.
Key words：misalignment；welding root；equivalent structural stress；stress concentration factor；fatigue life
———————————————
收稿日期：2023-02-10
基金项目：国家自然科学基金面上项目（52271023）；辽宁省教育厅科学研究项目（LJKZ0493）；大连市科技创新基金应用基础研究项目（2022JJ12GX029）
作者简介：蔡静雯（1997－），女，辽宁大连人，硕士研究生，主要研究方向为车辆结构分析与现代设计方法，E-mail：1054404374@qq.com。
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