基于多工况拓扑优化的低速永磁悬浮列车构架轻量化设计
黄奎龙，张峰，胡体刚，方修洋*
（西南交通大学 机械工程学院，四川 成都 610031）
摘要：通过Simpack动力学仿真软件进行动力学仿真获取某低速永磁悬浮转向架构架各个加载位置的载荷历程，并对这些载荷历程进行处理，挑选出每个工况下每个加载位置时域载荷历程中的最大值，组成极端载荷工况，得到8个工况载荷。随后在ABAQUS有限元分析软件中以这8个工况为加载条件，采用多工况拓扑优化的方法对某低速永磁悬浮转向架的初始构架进行优化，并根据优化结果对该构架进行重构，得到优化后的重构模型，重构模型较初始模型重量下降约12%。最后对优化前后的构架进行静力学分析，分析结果显示，优化后模型的局部优化区域最大应力范围有所降低，多工况拓扑优化能够在实现构架轻量化的同时保证结构的强度。
关键词：低速永磁悬浮列车；构架轻量化；动力学仿真；多工况拓扑优化
中图分类号：U270.32 文献标志码：A doi：10.3969/j.issn.1006-0316.2023.09.006
文章编号：1006-0316 (2023) 09-0039-08
Lightweight Design of Low-Speed Permanent Magnet Suspension Train Frame Based on Multi-Condition Topology Optimization
HUANG Kuilong，ZHANG Feng，HU Tigang，FANG Xiuyang
( School of Mechanical Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China )
Abstract：In this paper, the dynamic simulation is carried out by the Simpack dynamics software to obtain the load history of each loading position of a low-speed permanent magnetic suspension bogie frame, and the load history is processed. The maximum value of the time domain load history of each loading position under each working condition is selected to form the extreme load condition, and 8 working conditions are obtained. Then, in the Abaqus finite element analysis software, the initial frame of a low-speed permanent magnetic suspension bogie is optimized by multi-condition topology optimization method with these 8 working conditions as loading conditions, and the frame is reconstructed according to the optimization results. The optimized reconstruction model is obtained, and the weight of the reconstructed model is reduced by about 12% compared with the initial model. Finally, the static analysis of the frame before and after the optimization is carried out. The analysis results show that the maximum stress range of the local optimization area of the optimized model is reduced, and the multi-condition topology optimization can realize the lightweight of the frame while ensuring the strength of the structure.
Key words：permanent magnetic suspension train；lightweight frame；dynamic simulation；multi-condition topology optimization
———————————————
收稿日期：2023-03-02
作者简介：黄奎龙（1999－），男，广西钦州人，硕士研究生，主要研究方向为轨道车辆动力学结构强度及可靠性，E-mail：2961958113@qq.com。
*通讯作者：方修洋（1984－），男，湖北麻城人，博士，讲师，主要研究方向为轨道车辆结构强度及寿命评估理论、焊接结构及表面工程，E-mail：fxyjms@163.com。
（西南交通大学 机械工程学院，四川 成都 610031）
摘要：通过Simpack动力学仿真软件进行动力学仿真获取某低速永磁悬浮转向架构架各个加载位置的载荷历程，并对这些载荷历程进行处理，挑选出每个工况下每个加载位置时域载荷历程中的最大值，组成极端载荷工况，得到8个工况载荷。随后在ABAQUS有限元分析软件中以这8个工况为加载条件，采用多工况拓扑优化的方法对某低速永磁悬浮转向架的初始构架进行优化，并根据优化结果对该构架进行重构，得到优化后的重构模型，重构模型较初始模型重量下降约12%。最后对优化前后的构架进行静力学分析，分析结果显示，优化后模型的局部优化区域最大应力范围有所降低，多工况拓扑优化能够在实现构架轻量化的同时保证结构的强度。
关键词：低速永磁悬浮列车；构架轻量化；动力学仿真；多工况拓扑优化
中图分类号：U270.32 文献标志码：A doi：10.3969/j.issn.1006-0316.2023.09.006
文章编号：1006-0316 (2023) 09-0039-08
Lightweight Design of Low-Speed Permanent Magnet Suspension Train Frame Based on Multi-Condition Topology Optimization
HUANG Kuilong，ZHANG Feng，HU Tigang，FANG Xiuyang
( School of Mechanical Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China )
Abstract：In this paper, the dynamic simulation is carried out by the Simpack dynamics software to obtain the load history of each loading position of a low-speed permanent magnetic suspension bogie frame, and the load history is processed. The maximum value of the time domain load history of each loading position under each working condition is selected to form the extreme load condition, and 8 working conditions are obtained. Then, in the Abaqus finite element analysis software, the initial frame of a low-speed permanent magnetic suspension bogie is optimized by multi-condition topology optimization method with these 8 working conditions as loading conditions, and the frame is reconstructed according to the optimization results. The optimized reconstruction model is obtained, and the weight of the reconstructed model is reduced by about 12% compared with the initial model. Finally, the static analysis of the frame before and after the optimization is carried out. The analysis results show that the maximum stress range of the local optimization area of the optimized model is reduced, and the multi-condition topology optimization can realize the lightweight of the frame while ensuring the strength of the structure.
Key words：permanent magnetic suspension train；lightweight frame；dynamic simulation；multi-condition topology optimization
———————————————
收稿日期：2023-03-02
作者简介：黄奎龙（1999－），男，广西钦州人，硕士研究生，主要研究方向为轨道车辆动力学结构强度及可靠性，E-mail：2961958113@qq.com。
*通讯作者：方修洋（1984－），男，湖北麻城人，博士，讲师，主要研究方向为轨道车辆结构强度及寿命评估理论、焊接结构及表面工程，E-mail：fxyjms@163.com。
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