气动腰部助力外骨骼在重复搬抬任务中对腰背疲劳的影响
尹鹏1,2，杨靓*,1，石磊2，杨铭2，王松利3，苏天池2
（1.华南理工大学 机械与汽车工程学院，广东 广州 510640；2.视源股份电子科技有限公司视源股份中央研究院，广东 广州 510640；3.北京体育大学 运动人体科学学院，北京 100084）
摘要：为探讨辅助装置是否可以减少重复性搬抬任务期间下背部肌肉的活动或疲劳，开发了一种使用气动肌肉来减轻下背部压力的可穿戴动力辅助装置。记录受试者在15分钟内进行90次提升时竖脊肌的肌电图（胸椎第9椎和腰椎第3椎）、心率和Borg感知运动量表评分。结果发现，使用可穿戴式动力辅助装置进行搬抬前后，胸椎和腰椎竖脊肌的肌电波幅值分别增加32.45%和40.17%；不使用时则分别增加125.78%和85.90%。佩戴胸椎（2.72%vs7.45%）和腰椎（3.91%vs13.70%）竖脊肌辅助装置时，肌电图中位频率从提升开始到结束的下降幅度显著降低，心率和Borg量表评分的变化也显著下降（p＜0.05）。结果表明，与不使用相比，使用可穿戴式动力辅助装置可减少背部肌肉收缩，这可能会减少整个搬抬过程中背部肌肉的疲劳程度。
关键词：腰痛；辅助装置；肌肉疲劳；重复提升；肌电图
中图分类号：TG156 文献标志码：A doi：10.3969/j.issn.1006-0316.2023.04.009
文章编号：1006-0316 (2023) 04-0059-10
Effect of Pneumatic Waist Assisted Exoskeleton on Lumbar and Back Fatigue During Repeated Lifting Tasks
YIN Peng1,2，YANG Liang1，SHI Lei2，YANG Ming2，WANG Songli3，SU Tianchi2
( 1. School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou510640, China; 2.CVTE Central Research Institute of CVTE Electronic Technology Co., Ltd., Guangzhou 510640, China; 3.School of Sports Human Science, Beijing Sport University, Beijing 100084, China )
Abstract：This study is to investigate whether the auxiliary device can reduce lower back muscle activity or fatigue during repetitive lifting tasks. A wearable pneumatic muscle assisted device is developed to relieve lower back fatigues. Electromyography (T9 level of thoracic spine and L3 level of lumbar spine), heart rate and Borg Perceptual Motor Scale score were recorded during 90 elevations within 15 minutes. The results showed that the amplitude of EMG increased by 32.45% and 40.17% respectively in the thoracic and lumbar spine muscles before and after lifting with the wearable pneumatic muscle assisted device, while the increase ratio is 125.78% and 85.90% without using the device. When wearing the assisted devices of thoracic spine (2.72% vs 7.45%) and lumbar spine (3.91% vs 13.70%) , the median frequency of EMG decreased significantly from the beginning to the end of the elevation, and the changes of heart rate and Borg score also decreased significantly (P＜0.05) . The results show that the use of wearable pneumatic muscle assisted device reduces back muscle contractions, which may reduce back muscle fatigue throughout the lifting process.
Key words：low back pain；assisted device；muscle fatigue；repetitive lifting；electromyography
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收稿日期：2022-08-08
基金项目：广东省协同创新与平台环境建设专项资金（201802010067）；博后科研经费资助（10085/[SY-2021-08）：基于多传感信息融合的人体运动识别算法研究。
作者简介：尹鹏（1990－），男，湖北武汉人，博士，博士后高级研究员，主要研究方向为外骨骼人机交互系统、人体运动意图识别等，E-mail：18814113085@163.com。*通讯作者：杨靓（1981－），男，湖北武汉人，博士，主要研究方向为外骨骼总体设计、人工智能等，E-mail：leonyounggod@msn.com。
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