基于动力学性能的粉柱成型高速凸轮运动规律设计
孙卫，林松*，江竞宇
（同济大学 机械与能源工程学院，上海 201804）
摘要：粉柱成型凸轮机构在高速运转时，会引起从动件较大的弹性变形，机构会出现严重振动，从动件输出端运动将偏离预期运动，产生无法忽视的动态误差。此时采用传统方法所设计的凸轮机构运动规律无法完全满足工作需求，为此本文提出一种基于动力学性能的高速凸轮运动规律设计方法。首先建立凸轮传动系统的动力学模型，对其进行动力学分析。然后根据所得凸轮系统动力学特性建立动力学性能评价指标，再将样条曲线作为过渡曲线，建立优化目标函数，并通过遗传算法实现目标函数的求解。在以动力学指标为主的同时，本文还综合考虑了其它运动学指标，保证了高速凸轮机构从动件输出端的运动和动力稳定性，为高速凸轮机构运动规律的设计提供了一个实用的基于动力学性能的设计方法。
关键词：高速凸轮；运动规律；动力学特性；遗传算法
中图分类号：TH132.47 文献标志码：A doi：10.3969/j.issn.1006-0316.2023.04.003
文章编号：1006-0316 (2023) 04-0017-08
Motion Law Design of High-speed Cam for Powder Column Forming based on Dynamic Performance
SUN Wei，LIN Song，JIANG Jingyu
( School of Mechanical Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 201804, China )
Abstract：When the powder column forming cam mechanism runs at high speed, it will cause large elastic deformation of the follower. The mechanism will vibrate severely and the movement of the output end of the follower will deviate from the expected movement, resulting in a dynamic error. At this time, the motion law of the cam mechanism designed by the traditional method cannot fully meet the work requirements. This paper proposes a high-speed cam motion law design method based on dynamic performance. Firstly, the dynamic model of the cam transmission system is established and dynamic analysis is carried out. Then, according to the obtained dynamic characteristics of the cam system, the dynamic performance evaluation index is established, and then the spline curve is used as the transition curve to establish the optimization objective function. The solution of the objective function is realized by the genetic algorithm. While focusing on the dynamic index, we also considers other kinematic index comprehensively, which ensures the motion and dynamic stability of the output end of the high-speed cam mechanism follower, and provides a practical basis for the design of the high-speed cam mechanism motion law based on dynamic performance.
Key words：high-speed cam；motion law；dynamic characteristics；genetic algorithm
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收稿日期：2022-12-09
作者简介：孙卫（1997－），男，安徽无为人，硕士，主要研究方向为机械制造及其自动化，E-mail：2032714@tongji.edu.cn。*通讯作者：林松（1957－），男，四川广元人，工学博士（德），主要研究方向为产品研发方法及其智能设计、虚拟产品生产及其数字孪生、智能装置及其人机协调、技术系统可靠性及其安全设计，E-mail：slin@tongji.edu.cn。
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