一种角度传感器的结构设计与性能验证
韩玉萌，韩嘉骅*
（四川大学 机械工程学院，四川 成都 610065）
摘要：操纵杆的工作状态和实时角度等信息是工程机械控制系统的关键参数，其中，角度传感器是获取此种参数的关键部件，为此，设计了一种适用于操纵杆的新型非接触角度传感器。首先，在结构上，使运动部件与电气组件空间分离，经测试达到IP68的防护等级；通过外壳和背板配合实现电路板的双重固定，无需连接件和连接工序，装配方便；通过扇形柱实现机械定位，且修改扇形柱圆心角度数可任意调节转动范围。此外，选择了合适的磁钢，通过仿真验证其合理性。通过向霍尔芯片写入传感器磁系统、温度漂移系数及磁场强度偏移量的方式补偿传感器，并利用线性化工具校正输出以减小对线性误差的影响。通过实验验证性能并与Elobau的424ZE120传感器作比较。结果表明，所设计的基于霍尔效应的GD-868ZE120传感器具有良好的性能，能满足工程机械及其他大部分工业场所的使用要求。
关键词：非接触式；霍尔效应；操纵杆；结构设计；角度传感器
中图分类号：TN98 文献标志码：A doi：10.3969/j.issn.1006-0316.2023.03.008
文章编号：1006-0316 (2023) 03-0047-08
Structural Design and Performance Verification of an Angle Sensor
HAN Yumeng，HAN Jiahua
( School of Mechanical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China )
Abstract：The working state and real-time angle of joystick are the key parameters of construction machinery control system. To obtain such parameters, a new non-contact angle sensor is designed. First of all, by separating the moving parts from the electrical components in space, it reaches the protection class of IP68. The double fixation of the circuit board is realized through the cooperation of the shell and the back plate without connecting parts and connecting processes, which simplifies the assembly and makes it become convenient. The mechanical positioning is realized through the sector column, and the adjustable rotation range is achieved by modifying the degree of the circle center angle of the sector column. In addition, an appropriate magnetic steel is selected and its rationality is verified by simulation. The sensor is compensated by writing the temperature drift coefficient and magnetic field strength offset of the sensor magnetic system to the Hall chip. Linearization tools are used to correct the output so as to reduce the influence on the linearity error. The performance is experimentally verified and compared to Elobau's 424ZE120 sensor. The results show that the GD-868ZE120 sensor based on Hall effect has good performance, which meets the application requirements of construction machinery and most other industrial places.
Key words：non-contact；hall effect；joystick；structural design；angle sensor
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收稿日期：2022-06-23
基金项目：四川大学企业横向课题研究项目：机电装置换挡操纵杆（操纵手柄），车辆电子控制器、传感器技术开发项目（19H0533）；工程机械电控核心部件和关键控制技术研发项目（22H0148）
作者简介：韩玉萌（2000－），男，山西朔州人，硕士研究生，主要研究方向为嵌入式软硬件开发，E-mail：1441556231@qq.com。*通讯作者：韩嘉骅（1974－），男，山西大同人，博士研究生，副教授，主要研究方向为机电一体化、嵌入式软硬件开发，E-mail：13980040082@139.com。
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