反求和ABS快速原型件与硬材质装配实验研究
张利华1,2，许耀东1,2
（1.上海工程技术大学 制造工程系，上海 200437；2.上海市高级技工学校 制造工程系，上海 200437）
摘要：为实现已有产品改型设计，并快速完成制造和装配过程，通过对零件反求，采用正逆向设计方法获得新的产品设计，利用快速原型技术迅速完成结构件的制作，并与硬材质件进行装配。为实现预期的装配关系，分别对快速成型的模型按不同的缩放比进行实验。结果发现按1.008比例缩放，原型件与硬材质件恰好能实现无间隙配合，在此基础上增加0.1 mm则实现过盈配合。对于过盈配合，从静力学理论进行分析，按照机械装配等扭矩的原则对过盈量进行推导，同时通过Pro/E软件进行应力应变仿真。结果发现实验中过盈变形量0.1 mm与理论推导的收缩量及仿真结果完全一致。利用这些规律可以对快速成型的模型进行合理缩放，并实现与硬材质件不同关系的装配。
关键词：反求；快速原型；缩放；装配；弹性模量；应力；应变
中图分类号：TB476 文献标志码：A doi：10.3969/j.issn.1006-0316.2019.12.005
文章编号：1006－0316 (2019) 12－0027－05
Experimental Study on Reverse Design and Rapid Prototyping ABS Part Assembly with Hard Material
ZHANG Lihua1,2，XU Yaodong1,2
( 1.Manufacturing Engineering Department, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, Shanghai 200437, China; 2.Manufacturing Engineering Department, Shanghai Technician School, Shanghai 200437, China )
Abstract：In order to realize the variant design of the existing products, and the rapid completion of the manufacturing and assembly process, a new product was designed by reverse design method and manufactured by rapid prototyping technology, and then the assembly of the rapid prototyping models in different scale ratios with hard material parts followed. It is found that a no clearance fit can be realized when the scale ratio is 1:1.008, and the interference fit can be realized when 0.1 mm is added to the fit. By using the static theory, the value of the interference fit was derived according to the rule of equal torque in mechanical assembly. The result was further proved by Pro/E software simulation for stress and strain. On the basis of the results, the rapid prototyping model can be scaled properly, and the assembly of different types of fit can be realized accordingly.
Key words：reverse design；rapid prototyping；scale；assembly；elastic modulus；stress；strain
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收稿日期：2019－04－08
基金项目：基于产教研的《现代测量技术实训》建设（JY18-03）
作者简介：张利华（1982－），男，上海人，硕士，实验师，主要研究方向为逆向工程技术；许耀东（1978－），男，山东高密人，硕士，副教授，主要研究方向为现代制造与检测技术。
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