A6N01铝合金激光-MIG复合焊接接头工艺研究
闫华
（中车青岛四方机车车辆股份有限公司，山东 青岛 266111）
摘要：激光电弧复合焊是一种低成本、高适应性的焊接方法，在铝合金、不锈钢等难焊金属中，可不同程度的减少和消除了焊接缺陷。以A6N01铝合金为研究对象，进行了焊接坡口设计，研究了间隙变化量对焊缝成形的影响以及进行了焊接接头残余应力检测。结果表明：为了满足激光－MIG复合焊接的工艺，需要设计单独的坡口型式。通过降低焊接速度，间隙为2.0 mm时仍可获得良好焊缝成形。MIG焊接，激光－单丝MIG焊接、激光－双丝MIG焊接，沿着焊缝的应力除个别区域外，皆为小于150 MPa的压应力，激光－单丝MIG焊接的焊件整体应力值较小。
关键词：A6N01铝合金；激光－MIG复合焊接；残余应力
中图分类号：TU395 文献标志码：A doi：10.3969/j.issn.1006-0316.2019.04.011
文章编号：1006－0316 (2019) 04－0053－05
Research on the Laser-MIG Hybrid Welding Technology of A6N01 Aluminum Alloys Welded Joints
YAN Hua
( CRRC Qingdao SifangCo., Ltd., Qingdao 266111, China )
Abstract：Laser-MIG hybrid welding technology has the advantages of low cost and high adaptability. It can reduce and eliminate welding defects for the aluminum alloy and stainless steel welding. This paper studies the A6N01 aluminum alloy and the welding groove design, analyzes the gap change on the weld formation, and detects the residual stress of welded joints. The results show that the groove should be designed separately for laser-MIG welding. By decreasing the welding speed, the weld formation still can be good even when the gap reaches 2.0mm wide. The residual stress of the welded joints of the MIG welding, laser-single MIG welding, laser-double MIG welding are all lower than 150MPa of the weld zone. The laser-single MIG welded joints have the lowest residual stress.
Key words：A6N01 aluminum alloy；laser-MIG hybrid welding；residual stress
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收稿日期：2018－09－27
作者简介：闫华（1984－），男，山东青岛人，大学本科，工程师，主要从事高速列车的项目管理工作。
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