汽车梯形转向机构的优化设计
罗中华，沈璐瑶，李奕锋
（上海建桥学院 机电学院，上海 201306）
摘要：对汽车梯形转向机构的优化设计进行了深入的研究。推导出了梯形机构的连杆的输入角与输出角计算公式；根据汽车转弯最小弯圆弧半径Rmin、前后车轮轴之间的距离L、前轮两轮之间的距离W，确定汽车梯形转向机构的连杆的输入角的范围；根据汽车内外轮作纯滚动的Ackerman运动学条件，建立了汽车梯形转向机构优化设计数学模型。用C++语言和复合形优化方法，编写汽车梯形转向机构优化设计程序。以BJ370矿用汽车的转向机构作为优化设计实例，优化结果令人满意。
关键词：汽车；梯形；转向机构
中图分类号：U463.4 文献标志码：A doi：10.3969/j.issn.1006-0316.2017.12.011
文章编号：1006－0316 (2017) 12－0041－04
Optimal Design of Automobile Trapezoid Steering Mechanism
LUO Zhonghua，SHEN Luyao，LI Yifeng
( College of Mechanical and Electronic Technology, Shanghai Jianqiao University, Shanghai 201306, China )
Abstract：In this paper, optimal design is carried out comprehensively for automobile trapezoidal steering mechanism. The formulae of the steer angles of the inner wheel and the outer wheel are deduced of automobile trapezoidal steering mechanism. According to the vehicle’s minimum turning radius Rmin and track W and wheelbase L, the range of the steer angle of the inner wheel is determined. According to pure roll kinematics condition of the inner wheel and the outer wheel, mathematical model is established for optimization design of automobile trapezoidal steering mechanism. With C++ language and complex method, program is compiled for optimization design of automobile trapezoidal steering mechanism. The steering mechanism of BJ370 mining vehicle is optimized, and the optimal result is satisfactory.
Key words：automobile；steering mechanism；optimal design
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收稿日期：2017－05－02
作者简介：罗中华（1956－），男，湖南湘乡人，博士，教授，主要研究方向为机械优化设计。
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