基于旋流机理的防砂抽油泵研究
魏航信，武志刚，职黎光，吴伟
（西安石油大学 机械工程学院，陕西 西安 710065）
摘要：针对抽油泵砂卡问题以及现有防砂抽油泵的不足，提出了基于旋流机理的防砂抽油泵方案。该抽油泵由泵筒、柱塞、固定凡尔组件、游动凡尔组件、旋流器等组成。旋流器位于游动凡尔组件上端，当含砂原油通过旋流器时，由于砂粒密度大于原油密度，在离心力作用下，砂粒上升速度增加，避免了砂粒沉降引起的砂卡。此外，抽油泵内设有刮砂块和沉砂环空，柱塞周围极其细小量砂粒被刮除并沉降到环形空间，从而防止砂卡。现场应用表明，该泵具有良好的防砂效果。
关键词：抽油泵；防砂；旋流；砂卡；沉砂
中图分类号：TE933 文献标志码：A doi：10.3969/j.issn.1006-0316.2014.05.002
文章编号：1006－0316 (2014) 05－0005－04
Research of the sand control pump based on the swirling flow
WEI Hang-xin，WU Zhi-gang，ZHI Li-guang，WU Wei
( School of Mechanical Engineering, Xi’an Shiyou University, Xi’an 710065, China )
Abstract：Aiming at the problem of sand sticking for the sucker rod pump and the deficiency of the current sand control pump, the new type of sand control pump based on the swirling flow is designed. The pump includes the barrel, plunger, fixed valve assembly, traveling valve assembly and the swirler. The swirler is located above the traveling valve assembly. When the sand oil flows through the swirler, the sand speed is increased through the act of centrifugal force because the density of the sand is higher than that of the oil. Therefore it can avoid the sand sticking because of the settling of the sand. In addition, sand removal blocks and the sand settling annulus are designed, so the micro sand particles around the plunger are removed by the blocks and can be settled in the annulus. The application in oil field shows that the new type pump can have a better effect of sand control.
Key words：sucker rod pump；sand control；swirling flow；sand sticking；sand settling
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收稿日期：2014－01－19
基金项目：西安市技术转移促进工程（高校类）CXY1346（5）；陕西省教育厅专项科研计划（12JK0793）；陕西省工业攻关项目（S2014GY2412）
作者简介：魏航信（1973－），男，陕西周至人，博士，副教授，主要研究方向为石油机械及自动化。
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