某大型轴流式机组稳定性试验及分析
钱巨林1，李钤1，肖志怀*,2，戴勇峰3，肖惠民2，于昊楠2
（1. 国网新源水电有限公司富春江水力发电厂，浙江 桐庐 311504；2.武汉大学 动力与机械学院动力系，湖北 武汉 430072；3.华中科技大学 能源与动力工程学院，湖北 武汉 430074）
摘要：通过机组稳定性试验可以获取真机各部位的振动、摆度等指标，再对试验数据进行分析就可以判断机组的运行状态。对某大型轴流式机组进行了顶转子、变转速、变励磁、变负荷、协联等稳定性试验。试验数据分析表明，下机架在承受全部自重时的挠度在安全范围内；机组存在一定量的质量不平衡，可考虑对发电机转子实施现场动平衡；不平衡磁拉力对上机架水平振动影响较小，但对联接法兰摆度影响显著；75%和62%导叶开度协联点设置合理，但54%开度协联点需调整；带负荷运行时，联轴法兰摆度超过了国标考核标准。联机法兰摆度超标应是机组无下导、转子与转轮间大轴过长、转动部件质量不平衡、不平衡磁拉力等因素共同作用的结果，降低联轴法兰摆度应从这几方面着手。
关键词：稳定性试验；摆度；振动；轴流式机组；联轴法兰
中图分类号：TV734.2+1 文献标志码：A doi：10.3969/j.issn.1006-0316.2021.08.001
文章编号：1006-0316 (2021) 08-0001-06
Stability Test and Analysis of a Large Kaplan Unit
QIAN Julin1，LI Qian1，XIAO Zhihuai2，DAI Yongfeng3，XIAO Huimin2，YU Haonan2
( 1.Fuchunjiang Hydropower Plant of State Grid Xinyuan Co., Ltd., Tonglu 311504, China; 2.School of Power and Mechanical Engineering ,Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China; 3.School of Energy and Power Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China )
Abstract：The stability tests of lifting rotor, variable speed, variable excitation and variable load are carried out for a large axial flow unit. Through the stability test, the vibration, swing and other indicators of the prototype unit can be obtained and the operating state of the unit can be judged. The analysis of the test data shows that the deflection of the lower frame is within the safe range when it bears the total dead weight. The problem of mass unbalance in the generator unit could be solved through on-site dynamic balancing of the generator rotor. Unbalanced magnetic tension has little effect on the horizontal vibration of the upper frame, but significantly influences the swing of the connecting flange. The on-cam operating conditions of 75% and 62% guide vane opening are set reasonably, but the on-cam operating condition of 54% needs to be adjusted. When running with load, the coupling flange swing exceeds the national standard. The excess of coupling flange swing may be caused by the combined action of such factors as unit without lower guide, long shaft between rotor and runner, mass unbalance of rotating parts, and unbalance of magnetic pull, etc. These factors should be taken into
consideration in reducing coupling flange swing.
Key words：stability test；vibration；swinging；Kaplan unit；shaft coupling flange
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收稿日期：2021-01-14
基金项目：国家自然科学基金项目：复杂多变网构下水电机组稳定性机理与机网协调控制研究（51979204）；国网新源水电有限公司富春江水力发电厂项目：国网新源水电富春江电厂水轮发电机组稳定性测试与及转子动力学分析研究（SGTYHT/19-JS-217）
作者简介：钱巨林（1967－），男，浙江诸暨人，高级工程师，主要从事水轮机发电机组方面的研究工作，E-mail：julin-qian@sgxy.sgcc.com.cn。*通讯作者：肖志怀（1968－），男，湖北武汉人，博士，教授，博士生导师，主要研究方向为水电机组故障诊断、建模与优化控制等，E-mail：xiaozhihuai@126.com。
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