车轮多边形对车辆曲线运行安全性影响
樊懿葳，王坤，李夫忠，杜红梅，陈翔宇
（成都运达科技股份有限公司，四川 成都 611731）
摘要：针对日益突出的车轮多边形问题，为保障车辆通过曲线线路时的运行安全，以某型机车为研究对象，应用ANSYS与SIMPACK联合仿真建立考虑轮对柔性的车辆刚柔耦合动力学模型。采用脱轨系数与轮重减载率等评判指标，通过仿真计算分析比较了车轮多边形阶次与磨耗深度对车辆通过曲线时运行安全性的影响，并且基于评判指标提出了各阶次下车轮多边形深度的安全限值。结果表明：当车轮多边形磨耗深度增大时，安全评判指标也会随之增大，其中轮重减载率变化更为明显；深度安全限值整体趋势随车轮多边形阶次增高而降低，当多边形阶次为20时，深度不应超过0.03 mm；而当多边形阶次为10时，由于多边形特征频率与轮对固有频率接近，容易引起共振加剧轮轨冲击，深度不应超过0.05 mm。
关键词：车轮多边形；曲线线路；刚柔耦合；车辆运行安全
中图分类号：U264 文献标志码：A doi：10.3969/j.issn.1006-0316.2021.04.008
文章编号：1006－0316 (2021) 04－0048－07
Influence of Wheel Polygon on Vehicle Curve Running Safety
FAN Yiwei，WANG Kun，LI Fuzhong，DU Hongmei，CHEN Xiangyu
( Chengdu Yunda Technology Co., Ltd., Chengdu 611731, China )
Abstract：In view of the increasingly prominent problem of wheel polygon, a locomotive is taken as the research object, and the rigid flexible coupling dynamic model of the vehicle considering the flexibility of the wheel set is established by the joint simulation of ANSYS and SIMPACK to ensure the running safety of the vehicle passing through the curve line. By using the evaluation indexes such as derailment coefficient and rate of wheel load reduction, the influence of polygonal order and the wear depth of the wheels on the running safety of the vehicle passing through the curve is analyzed and compared through simulation calculation. On the basis of the evaluation indexes, the safety limit value of the polygonal depth of the wheels is put forward. The results show that when the polygonal wear depth of the wheels increases, the safety evaluation index will also increase, and the rate of wheel load reduction changes more obviously. The overall depth safety limit decreases with the increase of the polygon order of the wheels. When the polygon order is 20, the depth is not expected to exceed 0.03mm. When the polygon order is 10, the characteristic frequency of polygon is close to the natural frequency of the wheel set and it is likely to cause resonance and intensify the wheel-rail impact, so the depth is not expected to exceed 0.05 mm.
Key words：polygonal wheel；curve line；rigid-flexible coupling；vehicle running safety
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收稿日期：2020－09－14
作者简介：樊懿葳（1993－），男，四川成都人，硕士，主要从事车辆系统状态监测与故障诊断的工作，E-mail：573119282@qq.com。
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