高速列车120 km/h快速过站时站台及候车厅噪声特性预测分析
王翰儒1,2，刘谋凯2，韩健*,3，肖新标2，李映辉1
（1.西南交通大学 力学与工程学院，四川 成都 610031；2.西南交通大学 牵引动力国家重点实验室，四川 成都 610031；3.西南交通大学 机械工程学院，四川 成都 610031）
摘要：针对高速列车过站不停的问题，基于几何声线法，建立了某综合交通枢纽声场特性预测模型，分析了高速列车以120 km/h快速通过该综合交通枢纽时站台和候车厅区域的噪声水平及分布规律，并从传播路径的角度提出降噪措施，结合统计能量方法，分析其降噪效果。得出以下结论：站台区域距离列车最近场点的噪声最为显著，其声压级为96.2 dBA，候车厅区域距离列车横向距离最近，且最靠近站台区域和候车厅区域相通的边缘场点噪声最为显著，其声压级为80.4 dBA，在不采取任何措施情况下，噪声最大值超出了现有的参考标准限值。从传播路径的角度采用四周封闭式双层中空玻璃隔声罩进行了降噪分析，采用优化后隔声罩的站台区域噪声最大场点声压级降低了18 dBA；候车厅区域噪声最大场点声压级降低了21.2 dBA。
关键词：过站噪声；高速列车；站台噪声；候车厅噪声；几何声线法
中图分类号：X827.6；TB533+.2 文献标志码：A doi：10.3969/j.issn.1006-0316.2020.12.003
文章编号：1006－0316 (2020) 12－0016－06
Forecast Analysis of Noise Characteristics of Platform and Waiting Hall When High-Speed Train Passing Through at 120 km/h
WANG Hanru1,2，LIU Moukai2，HAN Jian3，XIAO Xinbiao2，LI Yinghui1
( 1.School of Mechanics and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China;2.State Key Laboratory of Traction Power, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China;3.School of Mechanical Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China )
Abstract：Based on the ray tracing method, a comprehensive sound field characteristic prediction model of a transportation hub is established and analyzed while the high-speed train pass through the integrated transportation hub station and waiting hall at 120 km/h, and noise control measures are proposed from the perspective of transmission path. The noise reduction effect is then analyzed based on the statistical energy analysis (SEA) method. The research finds that platform area is the nearest to the trains and the noise is the most significant with sound pressure level 96.2 dBA. The lateral distance between waiting hall and the train is closest, and noise is most significant in interlinked platform sites, with sound pressure level 80.4 dBA. The maximum noise predicted exceeds the reference standard. The noise reduction analysis was carried out with double-layer insulating glass enclosure. After the optimized enclosure was adopted the maximum sound pressure level of noise in the platform area reduced by 18 dBA, and the maximum sound pressure level of noise in the waiting hall area was reduced by 21.2 dBA.
Key words：train pass-by noise；high-speed train；platform noise；waiting hall noise；ray tracing method
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收稿日期：2020－05－13
基金项目：国家自然科学基金（U1934203/U1834201）；中国国家铁路集团有限公司科技研究开发计划项目（N2019G037）；国家重点研发计划战略性国际科技创新合作重点专项（2016YFE0205200）；四川省国际科技创新合作/港澳台科技创新合作项目（2019YFH0131）
作者简介：王翰儒（1992－），男，北京人，硕士，主要研究方向为高速列车减振降噪。*通讯作者：韩健（1987－），男，辽宁葫芦岛人，博士，助理研究员，主要研究方向为轨道交通减振降噪，E-mail：super_han@126.com。
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