地铁先锋扣件和普通扣件整体道床轮轨动力特性对比研究
张丹熙，关庆华*，温泽峰，陈康，王鹏
（西南交通大学 牵引动力国家重点实验室，四川 成都 610031）
摘要：针对地铁普通扣件和先锋扣件不同的结构和支撑特性，分别建立两种扣件系统的动力学模型，基于车辆－轨道耦合动力学理论，对比分析了两种扣件系统的轮轨动力特性及其差异。结果表明：相比于普通扣件，先锋扣件由于具有较低的垂向刚度，钢轨垂直位移较大；同时，安装于轨腰的橡胶支撑作用区离钢轨质心较近，形成的扭转刚度和阻尼较小，钢轨扭转位移较大。通过钢轨焊接接头不平顺时，与普通扣件轨道相比，先锋扣件轨道轮轨垂向力波动衰减要快，先锋扣件轨道钢轨在低频15～30 Hz处振动略有增加，但在40～70 Hz范围大幅衰减，这有利于车辆轨道系统的减振。
关键词：地铁；先锋扣件；普通扣件；轮轨；动力学
中图分类号：U213.5+3 文献标志码：A doi：10.3969/j.issn.1006-0316.2020.09.001
文章编号：1006－0316 (2020) 09－0001－08
Comparative Study on Wheel-Rail Dynamic Characteristics of Monolithic Track-Bed Tracks with Vanguard Fasteners and Common Fasteners in Metro
ZHANG Danxi，GUAN Qinghua，WEN Zefeng，CHEN Kang，WANG Peng
( State Key Laboratory of Traction Power, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China )
Abstract：According to the different structure and support characteristics of the common fastener and Vanguard fastener of metro track, the dynamic models of the two fastener systems are established. Based on the theory of vehicle-track coupled dynamics, the wheel-rail dynamic characteristics of the two fastener systems and their differences are analyzed. The results show that due to the lower vertical stiffness, the rail supported by vanguard fasteners has larger vertical displacement compared with that by common fasteners. Since the rubber component installed on the rail web is closer to the mass center of the rail, which results in smaller torsional stiffness, the rail has a larger torsional displacement under a small torque. When a vehicle passes over the rail weld irregularities, comparing with the common fastener track, the wave attenuation of the wheel-rail contact force for the vanguard fastener track is faster. Although the rail vibration increases slightly at low frequencies of 15～30 Hz, it decreases significantly in the frequency range of 40～70 Hz, which is beneficial to the vibration reduction of the vehicle-track system.
Key words：metro；vanguard fastener；common fastener；wheel/rail；dynamics
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收稿日期：2020－03－24
基金项目：国家重点研发计划（2016YFB1200501-005）；国家自然科学基金资助项目（51775454）；牵引动力国家重点实验室自主研究课题（2020TPL-T02）；四川省科技计划项目（2019YFH0053）；四川省区域创新合作项目（2020YFQ0024）
作者简介：张丹熙（1994－），男，山西忻州人，硕士研究生，主要研究方向为车辆轨道动力学。*通讯作者：关庆华（1981－），男，河南渑池人，博士，硕士生导师，主要研究方向为车辆轨道动力学、轮轨关系、轨道车辆运行安全性，E-mail：guan_qh@163.com。
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