基于位移激励法车轮扁疤引起的轮轨动态响应有限元分析
刘卓，敬霖*
（西南交通大学 牵引动力国家重点实验室，四川 成都 610031）
摘要：基于三维轮轨滚动接触有限元模型，通过将车轮扁疤缺陷的几何不平顺转换为轮轨接触界面的位移不平顺，采用显式有限元分析方法模拟了多种扁疤工况下（单个新/旧扁疤、单轮多个扁疤、同轴异轮双扁疤）的轮轨动态响应。仿真结果表明：给定速度和扁疤长度工况下，新扁疤引起的最大垂向轮轨接触力均大于旧扁疤情形，且随着扁疤长度的增大其幅值相差越大；每种扁疤长度工况下，单轮多个扁疤引起的最大垂向轮轨接触力均低于单个扁疤的情形；每种速度工况下，同轴异轮双扁疤产生的最大轮轨垂向接触力均大于同侧车轮单个扁疤的情形。研究结果可为高速轮轨服役安全及镟修策略制定提供一定的技术支持。
关键词：车轮扁疤；有限元分析；位移不平顺；轮轨动态响应
中图分类号：U211.4 文献标志码：A doi：10.3969/j.issn.1006-0316.2020.06.006
文章编号：1006－0316 (2020) 06－0037－07
Finite Element Analysis of the Dynamic Wheel-Rail Response by Wheel Flat Based on Displacement Excitation Method
LIU Zhuo，JING Lin
( State Key Laboratory of Traction Power, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China )
Abstract：The dynamic wheel-rail contact responses under various flat conditions (individual fresh/rounded flat, multiple flats in the same wheel, and double flats in two wheels of the same axis) were simulated using the explicit finite element analysis (FEA) method, based on a 3-Dwheel-rail rolling contact FE model, where the geometric irregularity of the wheel with flats was served as the displacement irregularity in wheel-rail contact interface. The simulation results indicated that the maximum vertical wheel-rail contact force caused by fresh flat is greater than that caused by the rounded flat for the given speed and flat length, and the amplitude difference increases with the length of flat. The maximum vertical wheel-rail contact force induced by multiple flats in the same wheel is lower than that by anindividual flat for each given flat length. Under each speed condition, the maximum vertical wheel-rail contact force induced bydouble flats in two wheels of the same axisis greater than that by an individual flat at the same wheelcase. These research results can provide some technical support for service safety of high-speed wheel-rail system and the formulation of maintenance strategy.
Key words：wheel flats；finite element analysis；displacement irregularity；wheel-rail dynamic response
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收稿日期：2020－03－19
基金项目：国家自然科学基金项目（11772275）；四川省科技计划项目（2019YJ0212）；牵引动力国家重点实验室自主课题（2019TPL-T11）；中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金（2682018CX69）
作者简介：刘卓（1995－），男，四川成都人，硕士研究生，主要研究方向为轮轨动态接触行为研究。*通讯作者：敬霖（1984－），男，四川南部人，博士，研究员、博导，主要研究方向为轮轨关系、列车轻量化与安全性，E-mail：jinglin@swjtu.edu.cn。
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