人字闸门底枢摩擦副模拟试验台液压系统分析与优化
徐翔，黄柏军，赵新泽*，董江安
（三峡大学 机械与动力学院，湖北 宜昌 443002）
摘要：为研究人字闸门底枢摩擦副运行时的摩擦磨损情况及主要影响因素，根据相似性设计并建造了液压驱动式模拟试验台。调试过程中发现闸门运行时抖动厉害。为减小闸门的抖动，对其液压系统进行数学建模，并借助Simulink进行动态特性分析。将理论计算结果与试验数据进行对比分析，结果表明：闸门在运行过程中出现抖动是由于在振荡时间内闸门速度发生波动引起的，并且发现闸门的抖动与负载无关，而与流速有着密切的关系；并提出了通过振荡时间内改变流速的方法来减小闸门的抖动，有效地减小闸门的抖动以及抖动的时间。
关键词：人字闸门；底枢摩擦副；模拟试验台；液压系统；动态特性
中图分类号：U641 文献标志码：A doi：10.3969/j.issn.1006-0316.2020.01.003
文章编号：1006－0316 (2020) 01－0015－08
Analysis and Optimization of Hydraulic System of Simulation Test Bench for Bottom Hinges’ Friction Pair of Miter Gate
XU Xiang，HUANG Baijun，ZHAO Xinze，DONG Jiang'an
( College of Mechanical & Power Engineering, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, China )
Abstract：This paper studies the friction and wear conditions and main influencing factors of the bottom Hinges’ friction pair of miter gate. A hydraulically driven simulation test bench is designed and built according to similarity. However, gate jitter occurs during debugging. In order to reduce the jitter of the gate, a mathematical model of the hydraulic system is proposed and dynamic analysis is carried out based on Simulink. Compared the theoretical calculation results with the experimental data, the results show that the gate jitter during operation is caused by fluctuations in the gate speed during the oscillation time, and that the gate jitter is independent of the load but has a close relationship with the flow rate. Finally the paper proposes a method to reduce the jitter of the gate by changing the flow rate during the oscillation time, which effectively reduce gate jitter and jitter time.
Key words：miter gate；bottom hinges’ friction pair；simulation test bench；hydraulic system；dynamic characteristics
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收稿日期：2019－06－26
基金项目：湖北省技术创新专项（重大项目）（2016AAA076）；水电机械设备设计与维护湖北省重点实验室（三峡大学）开放基金（2017KJX01，2017KJX06）
作者简介：徐翔（1981－），男，湖北鄂州人，博士，副教授，主要研究方向为摩擦学及表面工程。*通讯作者：赵新泽（1964－），男，湖北潜江人，博士，教授，主要研究方向为摩擦学。
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