扭转条件下阶梯轴退刀槽结构的有限元分析
庞心宇
（湖南食品药品职业学院，湖南 长沙 410208）
摘要：退刀槽结构易引起轴类零件产生应力集中。首先建立了阶梯轴退刀槽的有限元分析模型，并分别对纯矩形、带圆弧的矩形和1/4椭圆圆弧的退刀槽在扭矩条件下进行了分析，在满足工艺需求的前提下，对于纯矩形退刀槽应优先考虑增大其宽度，对于1/4椭圆圆弧过渡的退刀槽，其椭圆长短轴之比应控制在1.5倍；同时通过对带圆弧矩形退刀槽参数的正交化试验，确立了降低其应力集中系数因素的主次关系为退刀槽宽度、退刀槽深度和其圆弧半径，所得结果可为退刀槽的设计与制造提供指导。
关键词：退刀槽；扭矩；阶梯轴；有限元分析；正交化试验
中图分类号：TH133.2 文献标志码：A doi：10.3969/j.issn.1006-0316.2019.03.009
文章编号：1006－0316 (2019) 03－0038－04
Finite Element Analysis of Relief Groove Structure of Step Shaft Under Torsion Condition
PANG Xinyu
( Hunan Food and Drug Vocational College, Changsha 410208, China )
Abstract：The relief groove can easily cause stress concentration of shaft parts. The finite element analysis model of the retracting groove of step shaft is established, and the retracting groove of pure rectangle, rectangle with circular arc and 1/4 elliptical circular arc are respectively analyzed under torsion condition. On the premise of meeting the process requirements, the width of the rectangular retracting groove should be increased first, and the ratio of the long and short axis of the ellipse should be controlled at 1.5 times for the retracting groove with 1/4 ellipse arc transition. Meanwhile, the orthogonal test of rectangle groove with circular arc was carried out, and the primary and secondary relation of various factors reducing the stress concentration of the cutter groove is the width, depth and radius of arc of retract groove. The results obtained can provide guidance for the design and manufacture of the relief groove.
Key words：relief groove；torque；step shaft；finite element analysis；orthogonal test
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收稿日期：2018－09－03
基金项目：湖南省教育厅项目资助（17C1023）
作者简介：庞心宇（1970－），女，湖南澧县人，硕士，讲师，主要从事医药设备结构的设计与分析研究工作。
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