高湿焊接环境对不同成分铝合金焊接接头性能影响研究

 刘敬堂

(青岛四方庞巴迪铁路运输设备有限公司,山东 青岛 266111)
摘要:我国气候环境多样,高速列车无论是在生产过程还是在运行过程中均要经受复杂气候的考验,因此,研究不同环境下铝合金焊接接头的力学性能有着重要的意义。采用单脉冲MIG焊,在环境焊接实验室内(焊接环境为10℃、70%湿度)对不同成分的高强度铝合金材料A5083(#1、#2、#3、#4)进行焊接。之后分别对四组材料的母材和焊缝进行硬度、拉伸等性能测试。结果表明,铝合金的硬度随着Fe和Si含量的增多而升高,#3最大为125 HV。合金元素Mg、Zn、Mn、Cr、Ti则能够提高铝合金抗拉强度。#3最大为302.35 MPa。由于焊接实验在10℃、70%湿度条件下进行,故焊接接头气孔含量比常规焊接条件下焊接接头气孔含量多。气孔的存在对材料的各种力学性能都产生了一定的影响。
关键词:焊接接头;环境湿度;显微组织;铝合金;气孔含量 
中图分类号:TG406 文献标志码:A doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-0316.2017.11.015
文章编号:1006-0316 (2017) 11-0060-04
Research on the Effect of High Humidity on the Properties of Aluminum Alloys Welded Joints
LIU Jingtang
( Bombardier Sifang (Qingdao) Transportation Ltd., Qingdao 266111, China )
Abstract:The high speed trains have to overcome the diversity environment when it is under fabrication or serving, so it is very important to investigate the mechanical properties. The different types A5083 aluminum alloys ( named as #1、#2、#3、#4 ) welded joints were fabricated with single pulse MIG welding technology under  10℃ and 70% humidity. Then the microhardness and tensile strength were tested. The results showed that the #3 sample had the maximum microhardness with the value of 125HV and with the higher the contents of Fe and Si elements. The alloy element Mg、Zn、Mn、Cr、Ti will improve the tensile properties and the #3 sample had the maximum value of 302.35 MPa. Because the welding humidity is 70%, so the porosity content is much higher than the original welded environment and which had bad effect on the mechanical properties.
Key words:welded joints;humidity;mocrostructure;Aluminum alloys;porosity content
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收稿日期:2017-04-05
作者简介:刘敬堂(1962-),男,山东蓬莱人,本科,工程师,主要从事东车车体焊接工艺方面的研究与开发工作。
 

 

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