滚针轴承薄壁外圈冲压成形工艺分析
代小娟，张建虎，牛荣军，马文锁
（河南科技大学 机电工程学院，河南 洛阳 471003）
摘要：外圈冲压滚针轴承的薄壁外圈采用优质钢板经精密冲压而成，成形质量稳定，并且制造经济。但其成形工序多、材料弹塑性变形大，极易出现外圈挤压破裂和壁厚不均匀问题。采用有限元方法对某一型号滚针轴承外圈冲压成形的两道主工序过程进行数值模拟，研究其各个工序的成形规律，并分析模具冲压速度和圆弧过渡圆角大小对模具载荷和工件特征点应力变化的影响，为优化工艺参数选择提供依据。最后对毛坯落料和反拉伸阶段的成形件进行切样试验，并与仿真结果进行比对，两者具有很好的一致性，表明用本文建立的仿真分析方法来预测滚针轴承薄壁外圈多工序冲压质量的有效性，可为滚针轴承冲压工艺规范制定提供参考依据。
关键词：滚针轴承；外圈冲压；材料成形；数值模拟
中图分类号：TG386 文献标志码：A doi：10.3969/j.issn.1006-0316.2017.06.001
文章编号：1006－0316 (2017) 06－0001－08
Stamping Process Analysis of the Thin-Wall Outer Ring Needle Roller Bearing
DAI Xiaojuan，ZHANG Jianhu，NIU Rongjun，MA Wensuo
( Mechatronics Engineering School, He'nan University of Science & Technology, Luoyang 471003, China )
Abstract：Thin-wall outer ring of the needle roller bearing is processed by precision stamping using high-quality steel, which has advantages as stable forming quality and manufacturing economy. However, it is easy to appear the problem of extrusion and fracture of the outer ring because of the multiple forming processes and large elastic and plastic deformation. In the paper, numerical simulation of finite element method is used for forming the outer ring of a needle roller bearing by two step process, study on the forming rule of each working procedure, and analysis the influence of die stamping speed and arc fillet size on reaction and feature points stress. These provide the basis for the selection and optimization of process parameters. Finally, the cut samples are compared with the simulation results, both are in good agreement. It shows the effectiveness to predict the thin-wall outer ring stamping quality using the established method, and can provide a reference for the needle bearing stamping process formulation.
Key words：needle bearing；outer ring stamping；material forming；numerical stimulation
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收稿日期：2017－01－10
基金项目：国家自然科学基金项目（51105131）；河南省自然科学基金项目（162300410086）；河南省科技攻关资助项目（172102210254）
作者简介：代小娟（1980－），女，河南南阳人，硕士，主要从事滚动轴承设计及理论研究工作。
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