汽轮机轴封加热器爆管原因分析与治理
李元胜，李嘉辉，陈勇
（北方联合电力丰镇发电厂，内蒙古 乌兰察布 012100）
摘要：加热器是发电厂的主要辅助设备，一旦轴封加热器管系泄漏或爆管（轴封加热器水侧压力大于汽侧压力），凝结水就会冲入壳体，引起汽侧满水，并有可能沿着抽汽管道倒灌入汽轮机，严重的会造成机组振动、动静碰摩、大轴弯曲、甚至叶片断裂等事故，直接影响机组的经济性和安全性。针对丰镇电厂某台机组轴封加热器出现爆管问题进行分析，对加热器不同泄漏原因，如疏水系统缺陷、加热器水位控制、管板变形、堵管工艺不当、汽水冲刷、管壁腐蚀等，分别找出了相应对策，经过改造问题得到彻底解决，对减少加热器爆管事故具有十分重要的意义。
关键词：200MW机组；轴封加热器；爆管；水位计
中图分类号：TK26 文献标志码：B doi：10.3969/j.issn.1006-0316.2016.03.016
文章编号：1006－0316 (2016) 03－0070－05
Analysis and management on steam turbine shaft seal with the failure of pipeline burst
LI Yuansheng，LI Jiahui，CHEN Yong
( Fengzhen Power Plant, Northern United Power Co., Ltd., Wulanchabu 012100, China )
Abstract：As a main auxiliary component of power plant, heater play a very important role during the electric generating process. However, once the leakage of the shaft seal heater pipe or tube is occurred (shaft seal heater water vapor pressure is greater than the lateral pressure), the condensate water will be flow into the shell causing steam side filled with water. Sometime, it would be lead a more serious results: the water will flow along the pipeline backward to the steam turbine, then the water would cause the vibration, noise rubbing, shaft bending, even blade fracture accident. This kind of accident directly affect the economy and safety of the generating unit. In this paper, taking the Feng Zhen Power Plant certain generating units shaft seal heater pipeline as the research object, carefully analyzed the problems of heater leakage, and find the reason to the heater leakage, such as failure of hydrophobic, heater water level control system defects, tube plate deformation, improper blocking pipe technology, cavitation, pipe wall corrosion, etc. At last, the corresponding countermeasures are find out and the problems get solved. It is of great significant that to reduce the number of heater pipe explosion accidents through this research.
Key words：200 MW generating unit；shaft seal heater；pipeline burst；water level gauge
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收稿日期：2015－01－21
作者简介：李元胜（1970－），内蒙古乌兰察布丰镇人，大专，助理工程师，主要从事汽轮机机组的检修与管理工作；李嘉辉（1996－），内蒙古乌兰察布丰镇人，本科，主要从事与电气工程有关的系统运行、自动控制、电子与计算机技术应用等领域的工作；陈勇（1971－），吉林珲春人，本科，经济师，主要从事电气工程领域的工作。
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