重型卧式铣床复合导轨研究及应用
李琦
（四川长征机床集团有限公司，四川 自贡 643020）
摘要：设计一种结构简单、动态性能好、精度高、抗振性好、维护方便，可替代液体静压导轨的重型卧式铣床导轨副。机床在空载和轻载运行状况下，没有大的负载冲击力，镶钢－涂塑导轨的滑动副不介入运动，附加阻尼滑块的直线滚柱导轨可满足机床刚性和抗振的要求；此类运行状况恰好是机床进行高速、高精度定位，高动态插补精加工的时候，直线滚柱导轨动态响应快速灵敏，定位精度高的运动特性满足机床性能要求。在重载大扭矩粗加工运行状态下，机床对定位精度和动态响应要求不高。此时导轨和滑板受外负载影响，变形量增大消除了预留间隙，辅助滑动导轨副介入运动后可抵抗变形，抑制系统的振动。
关键词：重型卧式铣床；复合导轨；重切削；精密插补加工；抗振
中图分类号：TH703.4 文献标志码： A doi：10.3969/j.issn.1006-0316.2016.01.005
文章编号：1006－0316 (2016) 01－0020－04
Research and application of complex guide rail for heavy horizontal milling machine
LI Qi
( Sichuan Changzheng Machine Tool Group Co., Ltd., Zigong 643000, China)
Abstract：The purpose of this research is to design a simple structure, good dynamic performance, high accuracy, good antivibration, convenient maintenance, can replace the liquid static pressure guide rail. There is no load impact force when machine tools in the no-load and light load operation, the steel plated - coating plastic guide rail is not involved in the movement. Linear roller guide rail with damping slider can meet the requirements of the rigidity and vibration of machine tool; This kind of operation is precisely the machine tool carries on the high speed, the high precision positioning, the high dynamic interpolation processing time, Linear roller guide rail fast dynamic response sensitivity, motion characteristics of high positioning accuracy to meet the performance requirements of machine tool. Under the condition of heavy load and high torque, the machine tool is less positioning accuracy and dynamic response. At this time, the guide rail and the slide are affected by the external load, the amount of deformation increases and the gap is eliminated, auxiliary sliding guide rail can resist deformation and effectively suppress the vibration of the system.
Key words：heavy horizontal milling machine；complex guide；heavy cutting；precision interpolation machining；vibration resistance
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收稿日期：2015－08－28
基金项目：国家重大装备项目“超重型核电转子专用数控轴向轮槽铣”（2011ZX04002－081）
作者简介：李琦（1981－），男，四川自贡人，硕士研究生，助理工程师，主要从事各种通用、专用铣床类、加工中心类机床产品的研究、开发和设计工作。
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